Liberty. Democracy. Rights. Community. Without even realizing it, we all use the fruits of political philosophy. The question is, are we using them well? The Modern Political Tradition: Hobbes to Habermas is your opportunity to navigate the labyrinth of Western political and social theory. Guided by award-winning Professor Lawrence Cahoone of the College of the Holy Cross, these 36 eye-opening lectures reveal how political philosophers, in responding to the societal problems and changing conditions of their day in revolutionary ways, created virtual blueprints of action for leaders to implement-for good or ill. You'll gain not only the tools necessary to comprehend the omnipresent language of politics, but a thorough understanding of the wellspring of thought that has emerged over centuries of political philosophy.
The Modern Political Tradition: Hobbes to Habermas
Deepen your understanding of politics in this course that reveals the remarkable evolution, impact, and legacy of modern political philosophy.
Rated 5 out of
5
by
William Bell from
Philosophical basis for the political spectrum
Well worth watching to gain an understanding of the philosophical basis for politics. I found the concepts presented in the course helped me understand my own position in politics and appreciate how people come to take differing positions.
Date published: 2024-06-25
Rated 5 out of
5
by
fashby59 from
Still Relevant 10-years on
It's a combination of philosophy and political science--but heavy on the philosophy--for me it dovetails well with Great Minds of the Western Intellectual Tradition
Date published: 2024-06-17
Rated 4 out of
5
by
OmRK from
Useful Course
Although at times I was not able to fully understand what the professor was saying, I still think this was a good course to help me better understand and maneuver through our current political environment. At the very least it helped me to see how different philosophies reflected the thinking of their time.
Date published: 2024-02-25
Rated 5 out of
5
by
Kelliarm from
Excellent Professor and presentation of subject
This course was excellent. I am a lawyer who was generally familiar with the names and general information of the course, but never really was able to put all these ideas into their context and historical development. Professor Cahoone did an excellent job in helping me see how these ideas fit together without being pushy at all to follow one perspective or another. I particularly liked, although some might disagree, that his lectures were not simply read from the guidebook. He often added information or moved things around a bit. It made you really have to pay attention and take addition notes to what is in the included guidebook.
All in all, the course did get complicated a few times and I had to go back and relisten. Once or twice I did ignore the information as more complex than I cared to spend the time to really go back and learn, but out of 36 classes that’s not too bad. I particularly liked lecture 34 and 35. 34 was a great conclusion of so many of the ideas and Cahoone did a great job melding it all together in history and how it impacts us today. I liked 35 for the Just War philosophy that I had studied from Augustine, but Cahoone brought it into the modern day so well. Much of this course was applicable to today's crazy world and I would recommend this course to anyone who wants to see how we have, in general, arrived at the political world we are in.
Date published: 2024-01-12
Rated 5 out of
5
by
CuriousityDrive from
Much to learn here + engaging lecturer
The professor does a very good job in explaining the often subtle/nuanced details associated with different political theories/philosophies, and the evolution of political theories/philosophy over the years. Perhaps he is sometimes a bit overambitious in trying to cover many theorists in some of the 30-minute lectures, but I am glad he tried (since I can do my own further research if I want). In fact, I wish the course were longer (perhaps 12 or more lectures longer) such that he could have expanded on some of the topics and philosophers he only had limited time to discuss, and could have given even more examples connected to real-world situations. While I can't say I grasped 100% of all topics he covered--though it is worth listening to a 2nd time to get closer to 100%--I ended up learning a lot in the end about the subject (which was my general goal). The prof is also pretty engaging, so the experience was enjoyable. While it is between 4 and 5 stars, it is significantly closer to 5 stars IMHO and I recommend it.
Date published: 2023-08-10
Rated 4 out of
5
by
Little Napoleon from
Perhaps Too Ambitious
Overall, this is a good course. I took it part to better understand the rise of the new left movement - a movement that rejects both the ideal of colorblindness and the liberal republican ideals of free speech and individual equality before the law. The lectures on identity politics and the two lectures that followed were helpful in providing information on that subject for me.
Overall, however, I think the course may be too ambitious. The professor covers several leading political philosophers, but always in bite-sized 30-minute lectures that leave the viewer or listener with at best a superficial understanding. I think the problem may be that it is impossible to understand someone like, say, Habermas unless you have spent a lot of time with the works he wrote, or at least with a more detailed academic summary. As things were, I was left feeling like I understood some of the thinkers that were covered well but some of the others only partially.
Date published: 2023-02-06
Rated 4 out of
5
by
EngineerinVA from
Deep, Deep Dive
This course provides a deep, deep dive into political theory since the Enlightenment. It is organized around a chronological step through the greatest philosophers of political theory across the political spectrum. Dr. Cahoone is careful to give equal and fair consideration to all elements of the spectrum.
Note that there are 36 lectures rather than the more common 24 lectures.
Dr. Cahoone speaks in a steady, authoritative style. I felt like a sophomore who had just asked a stupid question to Dr. Cahoone, who is giving what he considers an obvious answer with limited patience. He plows forward through a great volume of difficult material.
The lectures are very compact; he packs a great deal of significant material in the minimum number of words. One misses important material if distracted during the lecture. I found that I was able to follow the topics about which I already had some background (e.g., Machiavelli, Marx, feminism) much more readily than the topics that were new to me (e.g., Rawls, Nozick, and Habermas). I assume that this is because the lectures are packed so densely that it requires intense concentration to follow.
The course guide is good even though it is in bullet format instead of paragraph format. There are several important graphics. There are more than 7 pages per lecture, which is probably above average by TGC standards. There is an extensive bibliography with a brief explanation of what the reference contains. Curiously, there is neither a timeline nor biographical notes. I think that it is helpful to follow along in the course guide while listening to the lecture.
I used the audio version. I suspect that the video version would have been better given the graphics contained in the course guide.
The course was published in 2014.
Date published: 2023-01-30
Rated 5 out of
5
by
Philosopherdad from
Excellent course. Very comprehensive
Does a great job of presenting the arguments for and against different points of view; even repulsive ones, which helps explain how people came to believe them. This course will expand your view of politics.
Date published: 2023-01-17
Overview
About
Dr. Lawrence Cahoone is Professor of Philosophy at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, MA, where he has taught since 2000. He holds a Ph.D. in Philosophy from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. A two-time winner of the Undergraduate Philosophy Association Teaching Award at Boston University who has taught more than 50 different philosophy courses, Professor Cahoone is not only a skilled teacher, but also an author. With a background in recent European, American, and social and political philosophy, as well as interests in postmodernism, metaphysics, and the latter's relation to the natural sciences, he has written:
- The Orders of Nature
- Cultural Revolutions: Reason versus Culture in Philosophy, Politics, and Jihad
- Civil Society: The Conservative Meaning of Liberal Politics
- The Ends of Philosophy: Pragmatism, Foundationalism, and Postmodernism
- The Dilemma of Modernity: Philosophy, Culture, and Anti-Culture
He edited From Modernism to Postmodernism: An Anthology and his play, Wise Guys: A Philosophical Comedy, is available at HeartlandPlays.com
Trailer
01: Origins and Conflicts of Modern Politics
Kick off the course with a discussion of political philosophy's continuing influence in the world and its major concepts, including democracy, republicanism, and liberalism. Consider moral realism versus moral relativism, and learn how the history of modern political thought has evolved from its formation through its contemporary period.
35 min
02: Ancient Republics, Empires, Fiefdoms
Modern political philosophy emerged, along with the rise of modernity, out of medieval feudalism. Delve into the history of politics leading up to 16th-century Europe, including the development of ancient political organization, the ideas of Plato and Aristotle-the first Western political theorists-and the contributions of medieval philosophy, such as the notion of "just war."
30 min
03: Machiavelli's New Order
Does politics demand behavior that is ethically immoral? Do the ends justify the means? Explore the legacy of Niccolò Machiavelli, the first modern political philosopher and political scientist, who broke with the classical virtue politics of Plato, Aristotle, Rome, and medieval Christianity, establishing a new order of political thought that focused on politics in the real world.
29 min
04: Hobbes, Natural Law, the Social Contract
Explore the first version of social contract theory as espoused by Thomas Hobbes, who based his view on moral relativism and a pessimistic state of nature in which there is a war of all against all. Learn why for society to function, according to Hobbes, the people must give up control to the sovereign, upon which no limits can be placed.
32 min
05: Locke on Limited Government and Toleration
Turn to John Locke and his more "liberal" notion of the state of nature and the social contract, which reinterpreted civic republicanism in terms of the preservation of property. Follow the arguments he presented in his Second Treatise on Government and Letter on Toleration, which ultimately established the foundation of the Anglo-American version of modern republicanism.
33 min
06: Rousseau's Republican Community
As the Enlightenment's greatest champion of equality, Swiss writer Jean-Jacques Rousseau endorsed the social contract-but his ideas differed from Hobbes and Locke in critical ways. Here, examine Rousseau's legacy and thought, which sought to structure modern civil society in a way that might recapture what he saw as the independence and equality of primitive society.
32 min
07: Kant's Ethics of Duty and Natural Rights
Immanuel Kant is attributed with creating one of the two most influential theories of ethics, deontological ethics-the other being utilitarianism-each of which became the background for an enduring view of modern republicanism. In this lecture, examine Kant's fundamental arguments, which are key to understanding much of modern political theory....
31 min
08: Smith and the Market Revolution
Inspired by the commercial success of Holland and England, a number of 18th-century intellectuals argued that a society of self-interested producers is good, despite its flaunting of traditional, classical, and Christian virtues. Investigate these thinkers, including Voltaire and Adam Smith, who each believed commerce promotes liberty, peace, and prosperity.
32 min
09: Montesquieu and the American Founding
The complexities of the American Constitution and system of government are a consequence of disagreements between Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison. Look at their arguments and contributions to political thought-including the Declaration of Independence, parts of the Constitution, and the Federalist Papers-along with the ideas of Montesquieu, whose notion of the separation of...
31 min
10: Debating the French Revolution
As the greatest political event of the 18th century, the French Revolution inspired political thinkers around the world. In the first of three lectures tracing the uprising's philosophical impact, delve into the liberal, conservative, and proto-progressive arguments made during "the battle of the pamphlets"-the first intellectual feud over the meaning of the Revolution.
31 min
11: Legacies of the Revolution-Right to Left
Where do the political terms "right" and "left" come from? Find out here, in a lecture that explores powerful 19th-century thinkers on both sides of the spectrum, whose reactions to the polarizing French Revolution helped pave the way for more extreme conservatism and anarchist socialism that lasted throughout the century.
33 min
12: Nationalism and a People's War
Part of the legacy of the French Revolution was the development of two phenomena: nationalism and the modern way of warfare. Look at the philosophical work of military theorist Carl von Clausewitz, who distinguished between "real war" and "pure war" (the latter being the type ushered in by Napoleon), as you consider the novelty and significance of these changes.
29 min
13: Civil Society-Constant, Hegel, Tocqueville
Between the extremes of left and right, Benjamin Constant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, and Alexis de Tocqueville made major contributions to political theory by examining the idea of what a free republic can and should be. Examine their writing, which demonstrated that two kinds of republicanism exist: liberal and civic.
33 min
14: Mill on Liberty and Utility
Despite later declaring himself a socialist, John Stuart Mill is admired by neoliberals and libertarians for his "harm principle" and rejection of paternalism as expressed in On Liberty. Investigate Mill's doctrine of individual liberty and redefinition of utilitarianism, as well as his economic stance, all of which became crucial to subsequent political and economic theory.
30 min
15: Marx's Critique of Capitalism
German philosopher Karl Marx's critique of capitalism and vision of communism went unapplied until 1917 in Russia. By 1980, approximately one-third of the world's population lived in countries adhering to his work. Explore Marx's basic claims (formulated in conjunction with Friedrich Engels), which represented the most powerful version of socialism and the greatest threat to liberal capitalism.
31 min
16: Modern vs. Traditional Society
The modern world brought higher standards of living, unprecedented scientific knowledge, and widespread literacy, yet it also undermined tradition and, for many, led to a loss of community. Learn how figures from the newly emerging social sciences, including Max Weber, Sigmund Freud, and Friedrich Nietzsche, changed the intellectual environment in attempting to describe this shift.
32 min
17: Progressivism and New Liberalism
From 1900 to 1920, American progressives such as Woodrow Wilson, Theodore Roosevelt, and John Dewey argued for an "organic" view of society against the natural rights, atomistic individualism, and limited government of the 19th century. Understand the role, effects, and issues raised by progressivism and new liberalism in America, including the welfare state.
30 min
18: Fleeing Liberalism-Varieties of Socialism
Explore the growing variants of socialism, including a milder, "evolutionary" socialism in western Europe, an intermediate version of "Western Marxist" political theory, and a more radical, authoritarian communism in Russia. Look closely at the ideas of Vladimir Lenin and get a clear explanation of capitalism vs. communism.
31 min
19: Fleeing Liberalism-Fascism and Carl Schmitt
In the 1920s, opposition to bourgeois-led parliamentary democracy split between internationalist socialism and a new nationalist socialism, which came to be called fascism. Explore the roots of fascism and its most sophisticated political thinker, Carl Schmitt, who presents a deep philosophical critique of parliamentary democracy and liberal republicanism.
32 min
20: Totalitarianism and Total War
Explore the events surrounding World War II, including the role philosophers played and how political philosophers interpreted the new totalitarianism of Russia, Italy, and Germany. Grasp how this period produced our familiar spectrum of international politics, with communism on the far left and fascism on the far right.
31 min
21: Conservative or Neoliberal-Oakeshott, Hayek
Neoliberals and economic conservatives disagree widely on many points, but they share a common enemy: expansive, progressive government. See the two paths conservatism took in the post-WWII world and examine the thought these camps produced-all of which serves as background for today's arguments about government and economy.
30 min
22: Reviving the Public Realm-Hannah Arendt
Hannah Arendt, one of the 20th century's premier political philosophers, was critical of the modern dominance of economics over politics in both communism and liberal capitalism, and she called for a return to civic republicanism. Here, look closely at the ideas she puts forth in The Human Condition and related works.
31 min
23: Philosophy vs. Politics-Strauss and Friends
Now, turn to another German émigré philosopher who, like Arendt, probed further into the conflict between politics and philosophy while turning to the ancients for a political approach that avoids the mistakes of modernity. Examine Leo Strauss's work, which has significantly influenced American neoconservatives, and the related writings of his friend, Alexandre Kojève.
29 min
24: Marcuse and the New Left
Although the "old" left declined in the West after WWII, Frankfurt School thinker Herbert Marcuse was able to help create what was sometimes called a Freudian left through a psychological reinterpretation of Marxism. Delve into the New Left of the 1960s and Marcuse's ideas, which critiqued capitalism's seduction of society through the welfare state and culture industry.
31 min
25: Rawls's A Theory of Justice
Is it just for one man to drive a luxury car and eat at expensive restaurants while another goes homeless and hungry? Consider such questions of justice as you explore the views of John Rawls, whose 1971 A Theory of Justice became the most famous justification of welfare liberalism in the late 20th century.
32 min
26: Ayn Rand, Robert Nozick, Libertarianism
Take a nuanced look at libertarianism, starting with the views of novelist Ayn Rand, who defended laissez-faire and espoused a philosophy of "objectivism." Then turn to the work Anarchy, State, and Utopia, in which philosopher Robert Nozick provided a libertarian rebuttal to Rawls, laying the groundwork for future disagreements over the welfare state.
32 min
27: What about Community?
As Rawls's theory of distributive justice, and some libertarian critics, were dominating political philosophy, a new group of political theorists called communitarians emerged to critique their views. See how this diverse movement of thinkers concerned with community, civic republicanism, and civil society responded to the individualism and neutrality of Rawls and Nozick.
33 min
28: Walzer on Everything Money Shouldn't Buy
Michael Walzer created perhaps the most interesting alternative to the distributive justice theories of Rawls and Nozick in his Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality. Explore his more communitarian theory of distributive justice and the distinction he draws between "thin" and "thick" political discourse, in attempting to deal with criticisms of his view.
30 min
29: Identity Politics-Feminism
The personal is political. This phrase, coined by Carol Hanisch in her 1969 essay of the same name, succinctly describes how feminism forever altered the boundary between the private and the public, which liberalism has always tended to reinforce. Here, consider the feminist challenge to liberal republican political theory and look at the many versions of feminist philosophy.
30 min
30: Identity Politics-Multiculturalism
Is "color-blindness" inherently unequal? Does a cultural group have rights? Is the goal of liberal democratic equality to treat citizens indifferently with respect to their racial, ethnic, or cultural distinctiveness, or to take that distinctiveness into account and value it? Here, explore the question of how recognizing cultural differences changes liberal republicanism.
30 min
31: The Politics of Nature-Environmentalism
Environmentalism has been associated with the political left because it is often in the position of opposing major economic interests. Yet it's fundamentally conservative in that it wants to "go back" to an earlier time. Survey some of the ideas and arguments of this movement and gauge its effect on liberal republican political theory.
31 min
32: Postmodernism, Truth, and Power
Postmodern critique has changed the discussions of sociology, literature, philosophy, and political theory by pressing feminist and multiculturalist versions of egalitarian liberalism or progressivism in a radical, anti-Eurocentric direction. Explore some of the ideas-both leftist and conservative-behind postmodernism in politics, as put forth by Cornel West, Michel Foucault, Gayatri Spivak, and o...
31 min
33: Habermas-Democracy as Communication
No one has done more to give both a historical and a systematic philosophical defense of modern republicanism in the postwar period than Jürgen Habermas. Explore his philosophy of communication, as well as his arguments for liberal republicanism and social democracy against philosophical and theoretical attacks by conservatism, Nietzschean "will to power," and postmodernism.
32 min
34: The End of History? Clash of Civilizations?
The fall of communism and rise of economic globalization appeared to solidify the supremacy of liberal republicanism. Yet we have since witnessed a reassertion of ethnic nationalism and radical Islam, leading to an even more politically complex world. Is liberal republicanism destined to be universal, or is it inapplicable to some civilizations?
30 min
35: Just Wars? The Problem of Dirty Hands
Revisit the topic of the ethics of war, which was touched upon earlier in the course. First, review the three active philosophical positions-pacifism, realism, and just war theory-then look at Michael Walzer's version of just war theory and his take on recent wars from a moral perspective.
32 min
36: Why Political Philosophy Matters
Do we need more government or less? Will the liberal republican model stand up to and address the problems its ever-modernizing society will create? Professor Cahoone concludes by demonstrating how he would work through some of the issues covered. Also, see how Americans-while seemingly hopelessly divided politically-actually disagree less than we might believe.
33 min
